Genotoxic Profile and Morphological Variation of the Amanita rubescens Complex: Traditional Knowledge for Safe Consumption in Mexico

  • Griselda Nallely Hernández-Rico Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Mineral de la Reforma, Hidalgo, México
  • Pablo Octavio-Aguilar Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Mineral de la Reforma, Hidalgo, México http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4636-9773
  • Roberto Orijel-Garibay Laboratorio de sistemática y ecología de micorrizas, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Coyoacán, México
  • Leticia Romero-Bautista Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Mineral de la Reforma, Hidalgo, México
DOI: https://doi.org/10.14237/ebl.10.1.2019.1259
Keywords: Ethnomycology, Genotoxic profile, Edible mushrooms, α-Amanitin, Phallacidin

Abstract

Wild mushrooms are important to the nutritional health and economic subsistence of rural populations in Mexico, but inaccurate identification of mushrooms has led to reported cases of poisoning. The aim of this study is to establish genotoxic profiles of mushrooms of the putative Amanita rubescens complex and to link those profiles with morphological attributes that suggest a correct identification of mushrooms, in order to prevent poisoning. Several combinations of amplification products (AMA, PHA, POP1, and POP2 genes) were identified in A. rubescens fungi sold in traditional markets; these genes are related to the presence of toxic polypeptides and its enzymatic regulators. The sequences correspond to a previously reported toxic gene family (MSDIM). All samples with the complete toxic gene profile presented reddish to dark-brown sporomes; this is the only attribute that visually distinguishes samples with toxic potential. Our results suggest that the mushrooms sold in traditional Mexican markets do not correspond to the A. rubescens complex. We conclude that morphological variability allows for identification of edible and inedible mushrooms.

Author Biographies

Griselda Nallely Hernández-Rico, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Mineral de la Reforma, Hidalgo, México

Griselda Nallely Hernández-Rico received their bachelor's and master's degree in UAEH, Hidalgo. They have over 15 years of traditional collector experience, with research focuses in fungi biotechnology, taxonomy, and ethnomycology. They have teaching experience on mycology and molecular biology.

Pablo Octavio-Aguilar, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Mineral de la Reforma, Hidalgo, México

Pablo Octavio-Aguilar received his bachelor's degree at UV in 1998, master's degree at CINVESTAV-IPN in 2000, and a PhD at INECOL in 2009. He made a postdoctoral stay at the INBIOTECA-UV. He has over 20 years of teaching experience in different public and private institutions where he has taught more than 50 courses, including Immunology, Genetics, Molecular Biology, Statistics, Multivariate Statistics, among others. He is a specialist in Genetics, Demography, Statistics, Population Ecology, Evolution as well as in Biology and Molecular Ecology.

Roberto Orijel-Garibay, Laboratorio de sistemática y ecología de micorrizas, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Coyoacán, México

Roberto Garibay Origel received his PhD at UNAM in 2006. He made two postdoctoral stays, one at UC Berkeley and another in CIECO, UNAM. Afterwards he got a researcher position at Biology Institute UNAM where he has been working on mushroom molecular biology, ecology, diversity and management for ten years. There, he is a Tenured Researcher and was President of the Mexican Mycological Society (2016-2018).

Leticia Romero-Bautista, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Mineral de la Reforma, Hidalgo, México

Leticia Romero-Bautista is a Research professor of the Autonomous University of the Hidalgo State. Their research focus is on fungi: biotechnology, taxonomy, ethnomycology and cultivar. She has participated in projects funded by CONACyT, INMUJERES and IMJUVE. Recently she has worked with a community of Nahuas women in the municipallity of Acaxochitlan, Hidalgo, due to the prohibition on the sale of wild edible fungi.

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Different angles of mushrooms of the Amanita rubescens complex.
Published
2019-09-04
How to Cite
Hernández-Rico, G. N., Octavio-Aguilar, P., Orijel-Garibay, R., & Romero-Bautista, L. (2019). Genotoxic Profile and Morphological Variation of the Amanita rubescens Complex: Traditional Knowledge for Safe Consumption in Mexico. Ethnobiology Letters, 10(1), 76-85. https://doi.org/10.14237/ebl.10.1.2019.1259
Issue
Vol 10 No 1 (2019)
Section
Research Communications

Copyright (c) 2019 Griselda Nallely Hernández-Rico, Pablo Octavio-Aguilar, Roberto Orijel-Garibay, Leticia Romero-Bautista

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